A-leach in 3-dimensional wireless sensor network using gateway
Wireless Sensor Networks are those networks in which communication is carried out through a wireless channel. A sensor network is a group of specialized transducers intended to monitor and record conditions at diverse locations. These parameters are temperature, humidity, pressure, speed, intensity, vibration-sound intensity, PIV, etc. The numbers of towers in the area act as sensors are called nodes in wireless sensor networks. Thus from one node to another, communication is carried out without any physical link. A network consists of numbers of nodes with one as a source and one as a destination. This paper proposed the A-LEACH protocol and cluster member-elect cluster head to avoid excessive energy consumption. Cluster Head is responsible for creating and manipulating a TDMA schedule & sending aggregated data from nodes to the BS where this data is needed using CDMA. A gateway is a network point that reduces the distance between CH and BS in WSNs. This paper proposed a multiple hops data transmission and make an energy-efficient and energy conservative protocol design to increase data rate.
Published by: Vandana Jain, Meena Rani
Author: Vandana Jain
Paper ID: V6I5-1155
Paper Status: published
Published: September 19, 2020
Automotive control system using CAN protocol
Most of the accidents occur because of alcoholic people and the failure of braking systems. So this paper describes a driver's alcohol detection system based on breath sample testing and automatic control of the braking system to avoid accidents. When driver starts the ignition system, the sensor measures the concentration of alcohol into its breath and switches off the ignition system. This system is also able to control the accidents that occur due to the unconsciousness of the driver, uncontrollable speed of the vehicle, and manual operation of the braking system by applying automatic breakthrough electronics devices to minimize the accident problems. When the vehicle gets closer to any object, automatically brakes will be applied. This system helps in achieving effective communication between transmitter and receiver modules using the CAN protocol. The protocol was developed aiming at automotive application switch sensors to monitor the parameters and visualize them to the vehicle driver through an LCD display. The human drivers check the parameters in the vehicle on the LCD screen at the same time of driving and control over the vehicle.
Published by: Surekha Prabhakar Gaikwad, Atmeshkumar S. Patel
Author: Surekha Prabhakar Gaikwad
Paper ID: V6I5-1176
Paper Status: published
Published: September 16, 2020
An experimental study on strength and self healing characteristics of bacterial concrete
Concrete is the most commonly used building material which is recyclable. It is strong, durable, locally available and versatile. It is capable to resist the compressive load to a limit but if the load applied on the concrete is more than their limit but if the load applied on the concrete is more than their limit of resisting load, it causes the strength reduction of concrete by producing the cracks in concrete and the treatment of cracks is very expensive. Cracks in concrete affects the serviceability limit of concrete. The ingress of moisture and other harmful chemicals into the concrete may result in decrement of strength and life. Micro-cracks are the main cause to structural failure. One way to circumvent costly manual maintenance and repair is to incorporate an autonomous self -healing mechanism in concrete. One such an alternative repair mechanism is currently being studied, i.e. a novel technique based on the application of biomineralization of bacteria in concrete. The applicability of specifically calcite mineral precipitating bacteria for concrete repair and plugging of pores and cracks in concrete has been recently investigated and studies on the possibility of using specific bacteria as a sustainable and concrete-embedded self-healing agent was studied and results from ongoing studies are discussed. Synthetic polymers such as epoxy treatment etc. are currently being used for repair of concrete are harmful to the environment, hence the use of a biological repair technique in concrete is focused. Recently, it is found that microbial mineral precipitation resulting from metabolic activities of favourable microorganisms in concrete improved the overall behaviour of concrete. Hence in this paper define the bacterial concrete, its classification and types of bacteria, chemical process to fix the crack by bacteria, advantages and dis- advantages and possibilities of application of MICP (Microorganism used for Calcium Carbonate Precipitation in Concrete).The different strengths of Normal concrete and concrete with different concentrations of Bacteria Bacillus spp were used and tests were conducted and compared.
Published by: Asif Ahmad Ganie, Javaid Aalam, Mohiyuddin C. S., Mohammad Tafzeel Qureshi, Iqra Rashid
Author: Asif Ahmad Ganie
Paper ID: V6I5-1173
Paper Status: published
Published: September 16, 2020
Extraction of anthocyanin from plum peels
Food colors are added to food to give attractiveness or compensate for the natural color loss due to light, air, moisture, etc., improving the safety of food products, and enhancing beneficial health effects is a necessity and a major challenge. Anthocyanins are the water-soluble pigments in nature. Anthocyanin extracted from plum by using various methods such as solvent extraction method, enzyme assisted method, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction method, aqueous to phase extraction method, subcritical water extraction method, and microwave-assisted extraction method. The commonly used method is solvent extraction. Especially for cyanidin and peonidin-3-glucoside. Identification of anthocyanin can be done by various chromatographic methods which include thin-layer chromatography high-speed chromatography, reversed-phase ion-pair chromatography. In the present study, HPLC is used for the qualification of anthocyanin content.
Published by: Mathivani A., Dr. A. Lovelin Jerald, M. Akshara
Author: Mathivani A.
Paper ID: V6I5-1165
Paper Status: published
Published: September 16, 2020
Evaluation of pectin based edible coating impregnated with mango leaf extract to reduce the post-harvest losses of tomato
The edible coating is any type of material used for enrobing, coating, or wrapping various food to extend the shelf life of the products and also to protect the fruits from microbial contamination. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is a highly perishable product and it gets spoiled quickly due to various post-harvest conditions, so considering these facts our research work was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of pectin based edible coating impregnated with Mango leaf extract on the Physicochemical parameters of the produce. The present work was carried out by preparing an edible coating solution which consists of pectin (5%), glycerol (1%), Mango leaf extract (2%) and the fresh Tomato were immersed into the edible coating solution and stored under room temperature. The fruit sample was then divided into two slots T1(uncoated samples) and T2(coated samples). Both coated and uncoated tomato samples were stored under ambient temperature(30℃). The effect of pectin based edible coating impregnated with Mango leaf extract on physicochemical properties of the tomatoes were studied and recorded. A comparison was made on the physicochemical properties of the both uncoated and coated samples and results were tabulated. With the obtained results it was concluded that the prepared edible coating solution protected the sample from deterioration when compared with the uncoated samples and the shelf life of coated sample was extended to 15 days under ambient temperature.
Published by: Akshara M., Dr. A. Lovelin Jerald, A. Mathivani
Author: Akshara M.
Paper ID: V6I5-1164
Paper Status: published
Published: September 16, 2020
Autonomous Railway Track Crack Detection and Accident Prevention System
Train derailment is a predominant issue that needs to be solved, the major cause of the derailment is due to cracks and bridges on the track. To overcome this problem we have proposed an autonomous system (Robot) that uses an ultrasonic sensor with a range of 30 cm primarily based on distance measurement and density sensor to detect deeper cracks, the sensor is used to detect cracks present on the railway track by sending ultrasonic waves. As soon as the crack is detected the GPS Sensor is used to find out the latitudinal and longitudinal coordinates of the area where the crack is detected. The detected crack along with the exact location is sent to a nearby railway station using a GSM module. These data are then sent to the cloud server which is then analysed and compared with the threshold and the cracks can be rectified on the exact location of the damage. The proposed self-governing system is a robot along with wheels and motors which are controlled by a motor driver. Here we are using an Arduino Uno Microcontroller. These sensors and modules are integrated with this Arduino UNO board. The board is uploaded with a program using the Arduino IDE to carry out the crack detection function. This board takes readings from the ultrasonic sensor and these readings are continuously stored in the cloud for analysis and it accordingly communicates with the other module to effectively detect cracks beneath the surface of the tracks and on the surface.
Published by: R. Prithvik Adithya, Naren Subra M. V., Somya Gupta, K. Tamizhelakkiya
Author: R. Prithvik Adithya
Paper ID: V6I5-1159
Paper Status: published
Published: September 16, 2020
