A parametric study of blended cement
Development of infrastructure play vital role in the economic development of any country. Our country is unable to complete the targeted length of roads as the cost of construction is increasing at an alarming rate due to increasing cost of construction materials. Partial or full replacement of conventional materials by suitable waste materials results in reduced construction costs and also helps in safe disposal of waste. Researchers have performed studies on utilizing waste materials such as Crusher Dust. Zink slag, Copper slag, scraps tires, etc.In pavement construction. In this investigation fly ash was used, because it is available in large quantities in the country as a waste product The use of fly ash as a replacement of sand and cement is an economical solution for making green and denser concrete. The study of the mechanical properties of concrete with 30 percent replacement of sand with (bottom ash), partial replacement of cement by…… and use of superplasticizer is presented in this thesis. The effect of blending fly ash content (15% to 45%) and replacing equal amount of cement for paving concrete was studied. Various mixes were developed for paving concrete, which aimed to meet the required specification provided by the (MORTH) . To address the strength and toughness, both closed-loop compression and flexure tests were conducted. The results were compared with the control concrete specimens prepared using the current mix design procedures of the IS : 10262. Test results indicated that up to 25% cement could be replaced by blending coal fly ash, resulting in high strength. The strength of concrete with 25% fly ash was higher than both the control concrete and the concrete containing 15% fly ash. At 25% cement replacement, the strength of M40 grade concrete exceeded 52 MPa in the lab with higher slump. The strength of concrete increased due to better particle packing by the inclusion of fly ash as a partial replacement of sand and cement as compared to control concrete. Also since workability is increased. There is further scope of reduction of water, which will further reduce the required quantity of cement. The results also indicated 13% higher flexural strength by the inclusion of as a partial replacement of sand, as compared to control concrete. The proposed mix design can save up to 103kg. Of cement per cum when compared to the conventional mix design, and resulted in fly ash utilization, to the tune of 298Kg per cum of concrete.
Published by: Beohar C. J. P, Sherin Felix
Author: Beohar C. J. P
Paper ID: V4I3-1623
Paper Status: published
Published: May 29, 2018
Fuzzy controller based boost PFC converter for EV application
The scarcity of fossil fuel and the increased pollution leads to the use of Electric Vehicles (EV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) instead of conventional Internal Combustion (IC) engine vehicles. In EVs and HEVs, a battery is used as the main power source, so that battery charger is treated as the core technology. Battery charger based on a unidirectional non-isolated boost power factor correction (PFC) converter for electric vehicles (EV) is introduced here. This non-isolated high gain boost PFC converter automatically balances the output voltages for an unbalanced load without the need for any additional control strategy or auxiliary circuit. For EV charging application one of the important factors is that the battery chargers should consume sinusoidal current with controlled power factor for contributing to the power quality in the future Smart Grids and high voltage gain for charging the battery. This converter can improve the power quality and can control the output voltage according to the demand of the battery. Due to these advantages, it can be used for electric vehicle charging application. Fuzzy control has been used for switching pulse generation in the converter. The topology has been simulated in MATLAB2014a and the various waveforms were analyzed. The control circuit was implemented using dsPIC30F2010. An experimental prototype of the converter was set up and the results were verified.
Published by: Sajilamol S, Elizabeth Paul, Mohitha Thomas
Author: Sajilamol S
Paper ID: V4I3-1626
Paper Status: published
Published: May 28, 2018
Soft switching bidirectional DC-DC converter for energy storage systems
Bidirectional DC-DC converters are one of the most important parts of energy storage systems such as in plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), the fuel-cell vehicle, renewable energy system, and uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Energy storage systems are used for storing energy and use it during fluctuations or supply outage. To improve its efficiency a soft-switching bidirectional DC-DC converter using a lossless active snubber is used. In this converter, Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) of the main switches and Zero Current Switching (ZCS) of the auxiliary switches are always achieved by utilizing an active snubber which consists of auxiliary switches, diodes, an inductor, and a capacitor. In addition, by utilizing this active snubber, there is no reverse recovery problem induced by the poor dynamic performance of the MOSFETs body diode. Moreover, by adjusting according to loads, it is possible to achieve optimized overall efficiency throughout the whole loading range. This system is analyzed by the simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK 2017. Hardware is implemented using dsPIC30f2010 microcontroller for 20W and 20 kHz and results are verified.
Published by: Sreelakshmi K S, Ninu Joy, Deena Mathew
Author: Sreelakshmi K S
Paper ID: V4I3-1618
Paper Status: published
Published: May 28, 2018
Fuzzy logic based three-level boost converter with Quasi-Z source
For conventional boost converters, switching stress will be more at high gain, in order to alleviate this problem three level boost converters are used. The mismatched voltage levels between the dynamic lower voltage and the required constant higher voltage of the DC link bus of the inverter can be solved using flying-capacitor based three-level boost converter with a quasi-Z source (TLBqZ). The operating principle of wide range voltage-gain for this topology is according to the effective switching states of the converter and the multi-loop energy communication characteristic of the quasi-Z source. The dynamic self-balance principle of the flying capacitor voltage is utilized. An analysis is done on the performance of the converter with PI and fuzzy controller. The fuzzy logic controller is used for switching pulse generation in the converter, as it is more advantageous over PI controller. An H-bridge inverter is fed from the converter that connects to the AC loads. The simulation of the circuit is performed in MATLABR2014a and waveforms are analyzed. An experimental prototype of the converter is implemented using dsPIC30F2010 microcontroller and results are verified.
Published by: Anju Ramesh T, Dr. Siny Paul, Neema S
Author: Anju Ramesh T
Paper ID: V4I3-1619
Paper Status: published
Published: May 28, 2018
Battery-ultracapacitor hybrid system for electric vehicles using new bidirectional quadratic DC-DC converter
Hybrid energy storage system is used with the objective of taking advantage of the best characteristics of each device, creating a system that is superior, than any of the devices used alone. Due to operational requirements of distributed generation systems, energy storage devices like batteries and super-capacitors, need bidirectional DC-DC converters to allow charge or discharge according to with the necessary conditions. A new battery-ultracapacitor hybrid energy storage system is proposed for electric vehicles. The main objectives of using ultra-capacitors in alongside batteries are: improving performance, increase the system efficiency and extend the battery life. In many applications, conventional bidirectional converters are inadequate since the specified range of input voltages and the specified range of output voltages call for an extremely large range of conversion ratios. A new bidirectional quadratic converter with high voltage gain in both step-down and step-up operation modes is used along with the ultra-capacitor. This converter is also characterized by a simple control technique since it is only necessary to control one power semiconductor for each mode. The additional power semiconductors remain always on or always off. In this project, an Ultra Capacitor is integrated with the battery in an Electric Vehicle using the new bidirectional quadratic buck-boost converter to improve the dynamic performance of the vehicle system and enhancing the battery life. The system model and the implemented control strategy has been simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The hardware of the proposed system is made. The control strategy is implemented using TMS320F28027.
Published by: Jithin K Mathews, Sija Gopinathan, Sera Mathew
Author: Jithin K Mathews
Paper ID: V4I3-1616
Paper Status: published
Published: May 28, 2018
Statistical approach to study the lithostratigraphic sequence in the Proterozoic Kolhans
Lithofacies succession in the Proterozoic Kolhan Group has been studied statistically using modified Cross-Association Analysis, Markov chain model, and Entropy function. The lithofacies analysis based on the field descriptions and their vertical packaging has been done for assessing the sediment depositional framework and the environment of deposition. Six lithofacies arranged, in two genetic sequences, have been recognized within the succession. The result of Markov chain and cross-association analysis indicates that the deposition of the lithofacies is in the Markovian and non-cyclic process and represents asymmetric fining- upward. The chi-square test has been done to test for randomness in hypotheses for lithofacies transition at the confidence level of 95%. The entropy analysis has been done to evaluate the randomness of occurrence of lithofacies in a succession. Two types of entropies are related to every state; one is relevant to the Markov matrix expressing the upward transitions (entropy after deposition), and the other, relevant to the matrix expressing the downward transitions (entropy before deposition). The total energy regime calculated from the entropy analysis showing maximum randomness, suggests that changing pattern in the deposition has been a result of rapid to the steady flow. This results from a change in the depositional pattern from deltaic to lacustrine deposit and sediment bypassing that finally generated non-cyclicity in the sequence.
Published by: Rohini Das
Author: Rohini Das
Paper ID: V4I3-1632
Paper Status: published
Published: May 28, 2018
